820 CE Islamic

Caliph al-Ma'mun Breaches the Great Pyramid

Great Pyramid, Giza (29.9792°N, 31.1342°E)

Detailed Account

The Abbasid Caliph al-Ma'mun, driven by reports of hidden knowledge and treasure, cut a tunnel into the Great Pyramid. His men found the Ascending Passage, Grand Gallery, and King's Chamber — but the sarcophagus was empty and open. No treasure, no mummy, no inscriptions. Al-Ma'mun's account suggests the pyramid had already been entered in antiquity through a now-sealed original entrance.

Geographic Context

Location Great Pyramid, Giza
Latitude 29.979200° N
Longitude 31.134200° E
This location is at the Giza plateau — latitude 29.9792°N, matching the speed of light constant (299,792,458 m/s).